Every delivery route, GPS direction and network flow rests on one idea: the cheapest path between two points. Drop nodes on the map, connect them into a road network, then watch Dijkstra fan out from the origin and lock in the least-cost route.
Dijkstra finds the cheapest route through a network - the atom of all routing.
Costs propagate outward from the origin; each node keeps its best-known distance.
Edge costs are the model: put time, money or risk on them and the path answers that question.